A detailed review of these HMI2 evolutions is presented, addressing both manned aircraft (fixed and rotary wing) and Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) specificities for the most fundamental flight tasks: aviate, navigate, communicate and manage. The pilots should keep regular eye on their skills and practice failure to ensure their flying skills are up to standard 2.Technological advances in avionics systems and components have facilitated the introduction of progressively more integrated and automated Human-Machine Interfaces and Interactions (HMI2) on-board civil and military aircraft. Pilots need to be taught the correct action to warnings and to understand why they are there. The current safety record has not seemed to have improved 1, so more needs to be done to make sure that the pilots who use glass cockpits understand the systems fully before being allowed to fly off solo. However, if the pilot become reliant on them and cannot fly without them, this lead to questions about how safe the systems are, especially if they fail. Over Reliance - The glass cockpits offer many features that are useful to have during a flight. Therefore, when there is an actual emergency, the pilot may ignore it and may lead to an accident which is likely to be fatal. What the student may learn however is to simple ignore the warning signs or to simply turn them off (if available). These alarms can become distracting when trying to teach. However, when training these alarms can go off quite regularly because of dense traffic in the training area or certain training exercises such as low flying. The glass cockpit offer system that helps the general pilot avoid traffic and the ground by giving audible and visual alarms. Incorrect Procedure Response - This is a major concern among instructors. If pilot become use to the new systems or have never used the older systems, it can be very difficult to switch between them. Trouble Swapping Between - The analogue cockpits require a lot more cognitive process to understand what is going on. The more time spent trying to select the correct function, the less time and concentration that can be used on ‘flying the aircraft’ Situational Awareness - Though the systems can provide excellent situational awareness, this can only happen when the pilot knows how to use they without having to think about it. There is a lot too them and with fully understanding how they work, it is very easy to become unaware with what is going on. Over-whelming - When first flying these new systems they can be very over whelming. A recent NSTB review found that the pilot were spending more time learning the glass cockpit during training and less on the actual flying skill. More Fatal Accidents - Though there are less accidents, the ones that are happening are more likely to be fatal. This means that the pilots have limited time when something goes wrong. Less Battery Life - the smaller aircraft will not be able to sustain the glass screen for long if there is a power failure. However, there are some which are associated with General Aviation to. There are many different disadvantages to the glass cockpit which are found under “ Glass Cockpit”. Updated Weather - Can receive update weather in some placesĪutomation - many things can now be automated Disadvantages TCAS - Traffic and Collision Awareness System The glass cockpits offer the pilot a great deal more information, which can be presented in a way that has be designed to help increase situational awareness. (Image embedded from, Retrieved Aug 2011) This offers the general aviation with a wide range of new problems that are associated with the introduction of glass cockpits. The glass cockpits have also crept their way into the training school where brand new students begin flying on aircraft fitted with technically enhanced cockpits. There is no doubt that the technology that has powered the airliners for years has now entered the general aviation scene.
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